Identification
Title: Ritual Ancestor Couple "Bonganga-Nganga"
Type: Anthropomorphic statues with internal skeletal figures
Probable geographical origin: Kongo region (Republic of Congo or DRC)
Likely ethnic group: Kongo or related group (e.g., Yombe)
Function: Lineage cult objects, symbols of ancestral mediation, funerary or protective use
Provenance
Private collection ZAMBELLI/BRUGNACCHI, assembled between 1990 and 2023
Transferred to the Spirit Land of Africa Gallery in 2023
Description
Dimensions: Approximately 160 cm tall
Materials: Hardwood, mineral pigments (white, blue, ochre), metal (fastenings), textile or organic fiber
Structure: Hollowed bodies containing stylized skeletal figures painted inside the dorsal cavity. The inner walls are lined with a fibrous material, either textile or organic in nature, reminiscent of animal skin or ritual fabric. This material may symbolize a protective or corporeal envelope for the represented ancestor.
Patina and Condition
Living and fragile patina. The mineral pigments applied (notably blue and white) are not permanently fixed and may rub off on contact. This suggests ritual use or a direct, unprotected application. The surface shows natural wear consistent with age and ritual handling. Overall condition is very good.
Estimated Dating
Contemporary – second half of the 20th century
Analysis and Interpretation
This pair of funerary statues is a contemporary interpretation of ancestral Kongo practices. Their function is not strictly that of funerary receptacles but rather permanent representations of the ancestors, materialized here through stylized skeletal figures in the dorsal cavity. The male/female opposition, distinctive colors, and geometric patterns emphasize sacred complementarity. Altogether, they evoke a ritual cosmology in which the dead coexist with the living. The textile or organic material observed inside could be an important ritual component, symbolizing a protective skin or a sacred presence.
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